15,146 bytes added,
04:16, 15 November 2015 == Location ==
South of [[Wodonga (2)|Wodonga]], east of [[Wangaratta|Wangaratta]]
== Beginings ==
The area had been part of the squatting run of [[Carraramgurmungee|Carraramgurmungee]].
Started as a gold mining center on Spring Creek called Mayday Hills. At a height of 550 meters. A Gold Commissioners camp was established in the area in [[1824-1853 Events|1852]]. For the first few years the town consisted of tents with very few buildings.
The area had had the official name of the May Day Hills, but it was often known as Spring Creek or Reid's Creek. In 1853 the town was surveyed and named Beechworth. By 1856 the area had a population of about 10,000.
Between 1855 and 1860 most of the major public buildings that we enjoy today were built.
The Ovens and Murray Exhibition was a significant event ([[The Argus at KellyGang 23/8/1866|Argus23/8/66]])
'''Photograph'''
Map
== Importance of Beechworth ==
Former major [[Gold Mining|gold]] mining centre, east of Wangaratta, and still one of the largest towns in North Eastern Victoria
cattle sales ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 18/1/1879|OMA18/1/79]])
Beechworth Mining Board (Mr Wm Ward (Chairman)([[Ovens & Murray Advertiser (3)|OMA5/4/1879]])
Town with the horse with the golden shoes. What really happened ([[Australian Town and Country Journal at KellyGang 8/4/1871|T&C8/4/1871]])
== What was Beechworth like in the late 1870s ==
The city was the site of many great parades and marches.
Description of the town ([[The Argus at KellyGang 26/2/1873|Argus26/2/73]])
Beechworth was the centre of the Ovens gold field ([[The Argus at KellyGang 22/1/1876|Argus22/1/76]]) Production levels ([[Alexandra Times at KellyGang 24/5/1872|Alexandra24/5/1872]])
How was the gold mined in the area; detailed description. ([[The Argus at KellyGang 22/1/1876 (2)|Argus22/1/76]])
Before the railway arrived, the cost or transport was an issue ([[The Argus at KellyGang 10/4/1860|Argus10/4/60]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 26/6/1860|Argus25/6/60]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 2/4/1861|Argus2/4/61]])
The Rocky Mountain Extended Company, in 1875 started cutting a tunnel through granite, over 700 yards long, under Beechworth
On Boxing Day [[events 1879-11/ 1879-12|1879]] there was a fire brigade hose and reel competition between teams from Beechworth and [[Chiltern|Chiltern]] that was watched by a large crowd in Ford Street.
The main routes to Beechworth where from Melbourne via [[Greta|Greta]] and over the [[Ovens River|Ovens]] and from [[Wodonga (2)|Wodonga]] in the north. Prior to the arrival of the railway [[Wangaratta|Wangarratta]] was largely cut off from Beechworth because of the state of the road into the mountains; "it would shake the teeth out of a saw".
Was the rail line to go to Beechworth ([[The Argus at KellyGang 22/8/1868|Argus22/8/68]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 1/8/1870|Argus1/8/70]])
Train line, why was it needed? The state of the Beechworth economy. ([[The Argus at KellyGang 17/4/1875|Argus17/4/75]])
== Facilities in Beechworth in the late 1870s ==
'''Population''' '''Hotels''' Bolam's,
[[Dreyer's Hotel|Dreyer's Hotel]] ,
Empire,
[[Hotels Pubs and Shanties|Harp of Erin]]
[[#hib|Hibernian]]
[[#V|The Vine]],
[[#hotel|Imperial]],
Star Hotel, Mr J S Clark
Transwell's Commercial Hotel '''Churches''' Methodist 1857
Presbyterian 1858
Anglican Church 1859 '''JG MacKie'''
St Joseph's Catholic Church 1868
Congregational Church 1869
Baptist 1873
Christadelphian Church 1873
'''Schools''' The public school (National School) 1858
The Beechworth Academy 1875
Beechworth Grammar School 1874 (Goldsworthy's)
St Joseph's School 1857
Brigidine Convent [[../../things/C_community/C_bankt.html|'''Bank''']] Orient Banking Corporation '''Main Streets''' Shire President Frederick Brown ([[The Argus at KellyGang 26/2/1873|Argus26/2/73]])
See ([[The Argus at KellyGang 17/4/1875 (2)|Argus17/4/75]]) ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 15/3/1879|OMA15/3/79]]) '''Local Government''' '''[[#post|Police Station]]''' '''[[#rs|Railway Station]]'''
== The railway from Wangaratta to Beechworth was completed in late August 1876 - the opening of the line (Argus30/9/76) ==
'''[[Telegraph|Telegraph]] Office'''
Scott ([[The Alexandra and Yea Standard, Gobur, Thornton and Acheron Express at KellyGang 30/3/1878|Alexandra30/3/1878]])[[../../people/peC/cheshire.html|../../people/peC/cheshire.html]]
HE Cheshire ([[The Argus (31)|Argus2/7/1880]])
'''''' '''''' '''[[Post Office|Post Office]]'''
'''''' Mr Deverell was the post master ([[Royal Commission report day 38 page 5|RC13854]])
RB Hodgson
Postal services started in 1853 and the post office on the corner Ford and Camp Streets was started in 1858.
[[Post Office|Postal service]] from Beechworth to [[Everton|Everton]]
to [[Yackandandah|Yacandandah]] via Wooragee;
to [[Wahgunyah (2)|Wahgunyah]] via [[Chiltern|Chiltern]], Indigo, and [[Rutherglen|Rutherglen]]
to Hillsbrough via [[Stanley|Stanley]]
and to Tarawingee Station via Reid's Creek, Woolshed, Reidford, and Eldorado
and between [[Wangaratta|Wangaratta]] ,[[Oxley|Oxley]], [[Milawa|Milawa]], [[Moyhu|Moyhu]] Post Office, Taylor's Gap, Murmungee,and Beechworth
'''Other things of interest in and near Beechworth''' '''Artillery'''
12 solderers from the [[Army|artillery]] were stationed in Beechworth in early 1879 under '''Sergeant O'Neill'''.
'''[[Beechworth Gaol|Beechworth Goal]]'''
The first lock up was built in 1852. Work on the present building was commenced in 1857. Mr Castieau was the jailer. He was in charge of the [[Melbourne Gaol|Melbourne Goal]] at the time of Ned Kelly's execution.
'''[[Beechworth Court|Beechworth Court]] House'''
'''Beechworth Mining Board''' ([[Alexandra Times at KellyGang 11/6/1869|Alexandra11/6/1869]])
'''Bible Society''' ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 27/2/1879|OMA27/2/79]])
''''''[[The Gap|Buckland Gap]]''''''
The Buckland Gap is about 5km south of the town
'''Burke Museum'''
A suit of armour was wanted for the Burke Museum ([[Ovens and Murray Advertiser (3)|OMA1/7/80]])
'''Chemist'''
Mr Gammon
Mr Geddes, Camp Street
'''Chinese'''
At the heigh of gold mining in the area the Beechworth area had a [[Chinese|Chinese]] population of over 4,000
see also [http://www.beechworthchinese.com.au ]
'''Coaches'''
Royal Mail [[Coaches|Coaches]] left Beechworth daily for many locations in the area including [[Stanley|Stanley]], Hillsbrough, Running Creek, [[EI Dorado|El dorado]], [[Chiltern|Chiltern]], Wandiligong, [[Yackandandah|Yackandandah]] and [[Tarawingi|Tarrawingee]].
'''Companies'''
Ovens Gold and Tin Mining Company No Liability
'''Cricket'''
Hear about how the Cricket team went. See ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 11/2/1879 (2)|OMA11/2/1879]])
'''Dentist'''
George Hall
S De Saxe ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 13/2/1879 (3)|OMA13/2/1879]])
'''[[Doctors|Doctors]]'''
Dr [[Hiutchinson|Hutchinson]] practiced in the late 1850s
Dr Cleary ([[The Argus at KellyGang 8/11/1878 (3)|Argus8/11/78]])
Dr Thomas Dick practiced in the late 1870s
Dr Frederick Peter Deshon practiced in the late 1870s
Dr William Augustus '''Dobbyn,''' see [[Aaron Sherritt|Aaron Sherritt]]'s inquest ([[The Argus at KellyGang 7/5/1874|Argus7/5/74]]) ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 27/2/1879|OMA27/2/79]]) looked after [[Ned Kelly|Ned Kelly]] ([[Herald at KellyGang - 8/8/1880|Herald8/8/80]])
Henry Tregellis Fox ([[The Argus at KellyGang 7/5/1874|Argus7/5/74]])
'''Dog Catchers'''
Phelan, Asked to serve an order on Aaron [[Aaron Sherritt|Sherritt]] for Mr [[Willis|Willis]]. ([[Royal Commission report day 39 page 5|RC14044]])
'''Funerals'''
Grieg and Wilson
'''Gold Mining''' ([[The Argus at KellyGang 22/8/1860|Argus22/8/60]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 8/2/1864|Argus8/2/64]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 15/8/1864|Argus15/8/64]]) ''''''
'''Hotels'''
The famous fight between Ned Kelly and Wild Wright statred when they met at the Imperial, a protestant pub.
In 1857 at the hight of the golden days of Beechworth there were about 60 licensed hotels.
Many sympathizers and other gathered at the Empire at the start of Ned Kelly's trial ([[Herald (29)|Herald5/8/80]])
'''Hospital'''
The district hospital was a major building and the nearest hospital in New South Wales was in [[Goulburn River|Goulburn]]. Work commenced in 1856 and added to during the 1860s and 1870s. Today only facade and a few major trees remain.
Members of the hospital Board ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 27/2/1879|OMA27/2/1879]])
'''Dr Antoine Mousse'''
Dr Dobbyn
'''Lawyers'''
Langtree ([[Royal Commission report day 39 page 5|RC14044]])
Frederick Mitchell
Albert Read ([[The Complete Inner History of the KellyGang and their Pursuers (36)|JJK]])
Tuthill
William [[William Zincke MP|Zincke]],
'''Licensing Magistrates'''
John Turner
George Gammon
'''Mechanics' Institute and Free Library'''
'''Registrar of Mines'''
Mining Surveyor '''H Davidson'''
'''Mining Board''' ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 27/2/1879|OMA27/2/79]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 15/8/1864|Argus15/8/64]])
'''Mining Companies'''
Rocky Mountain Extended Gold Sluicing Co Limited Spring Creek 1876
Office, William St
Manager, John Turner
Directors, William Telford, Thomas Dalziel
The Star Mining Company
South Alabama Quartz Mining Company Limited
MULOOF
Met in Oldfellows Hall once a mnoth
'''Newspapers'''
' [[Ovens and Murray Advertiser (13)|'The Ovens and Murray Advertiser]]' was started in 1855. 'The Constitution and Mining Intelligence' was started by Mr Nixon in 1856 and it produced its last edition in 1867.
'''Ovens Benevolent Aslum'''
A major building
'''Ovens District Hospital'''
,
'''[[Police Towns|Police]]'''
By 1878 the three police districts of Benalla Ovens and Upper Goulburn were brought together with the head quarters in Beechworth. It was the largest town in the area. Soon after the police district was based in [[Benalla Police Station|Benalla]].
Insp [[Brooke Smith|Brook Smith]] was in charge at Beechworth at the time of the murders at Stringy Bark Creek ([[Royal Commission report day 1 page 14|RC134]])
SConst [[SConst P Mullane|Mullane]], Det [[Ward|Ward]], Const '''Williamson''' were stationed at Beechworth.
Beechworth was the home base of a police district in the days before the '''KellyGang'''. ([[Royal Commission report day 1 page 18|RC186]])
Const [[Fitzpatrick|Fitzpatrick]] was stationed at Beechworth for a time ([[Royal Commission report day 36 page 4|RC12807]])
Const Henry '''Casey'''.
'''Powder Magazine'''
Magazine keeper Const '''Samuel Maude'''
'''[[Railway Stations|Railway]] Station'''
The station was built in the late 1870s. Beechworth was serviced by special engines on the line from Wangarratta because of the gradient on the line as it climbed into the mountains
'''Shops'''
[[Patrick Allen|Patrick Allen]]
Gammon Chemist ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 13/2/1879 (3)|OMA13/2/1879]])
Mr '''Reynolds'''
'''Wertheim''''s ([[Royal Commission report day 42 page 5|RC14630]])
London House ([[Ovens & Murray Advertiser (19)|OMA29/6/1880]])
'''Boot maker ;W Jacobs''' Boot Manufacturer, Ford Street Beechworth ([[Ovens & Murray Advertiser (19)|OMA29/6/1880]])
'''Dress maker''' ; Miss '''G F Aitken''' ([[Ovens & Murray Advertiser (19)|OMA29/6/1880]])
'''Schools'''
Beechworth Grammar School ([[Ovens & Murray Advertiser (19)|OMA29/6/1880]])
'''Surveyor'''
Mr Morres, district surveyor ([[The Argus at KellyGang 6/3/1879|Argus6/3/79]])
''''''
Swimming Baths
Swiming races. '''J Morrison''', bath keeper([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 13/2/1879 (3)|OMA13/2/1879]])
'''Telegraph'''
Mr '''HE Cheshire''' was the officer in charge of the telegraph station.
'''Alex Thomson''' the chief operator ([[Ovens and Murray Advertiser (3)|OMA1/7/80]])
'''Water supply''' ([[The Argus at KellyGang 2/4/1861|Argus2/4/61]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 1/5/1880|Argus1/5/80]]) ([[The Argus at KellyGang 8/2/1864|Argus8/2/64]])
water supply was always an issue. Gold mining took lots of water and there were attemps to control its use from the earlier day of mining
'''Wool brokers'''
Hastings, Cunningham, and Co ([[The Ovens and Murray Advertiser 13/2/1879 (3)|OMA13/2/1879]])
The Local Government Commission came to town ([[The Argus at KellyGang 26/2/1873|Argus26/2/73]])
== Links to the KellyGang ==
[[Hare|Hare]] was stationed at Beechworth in [[1854-1863 Events|1856]] Recomm 1303
[[Steve Hart|Steve Hart]] was born in Beechworth in [[1854-1863 Events|1859]]
Military from the [[Army|Garrison Artillery]] sent to Beechworth to protect banks in town some time after the [[Euroa|Euroa]] robbery and they were reinforced in January 1879 ([[Royal Commission second Report Part X ( page 13)|RC2ndreportX]]) ([[Royal Commission report Appendix 8|RCApp8]])
Soon after the Jerilderie robbery [[Dan Kelly|Dan Kelly]] was seen riding towards the Buckland Gap ([[Royal Commission report day 6 page 4|RC1276]])
In late 1879 when there was a threat that the '''KellyGang''' might hold up the banks Mr Deverell, the Postmaster, erected a telegraphic communication between all the banks and the police station, by wires being placed, and the uniting of these wires would cause an alarm at the banks and station, at any hour of the day or night that the '''KellyGang''' was likely to come. If they came to one of the banks, the station bell would ring, and police would be able to respond to the alert. ([[Royal Commission report day 37 page 30|RC13584]])
[[Aaron Sherritt|Aaron]] and [[Ellen Sherritt|Belle]] Sherritt were married on Boxing Day 26/12/[[events 1879-11/ 1879-12|1879]] by Father Tierney of St Joseph's Church in Beechworth.
[[Joe Byrne|Joe Byrne]]'s girl Maggie worked at '''The Vine Hotel'''. After [[Aaron Sherritt|Aaron Sherritt]]'s body was brought to town it was identified by [[Anton Weekes|Anton Weekes]] the Vine Hotel
[[Ned Kelly|Ned Kelly]] was drinking in the bar of '''Dreyer’s Hotel''', Beechworth. ([[The Argus (54)|Argus7/8/80]])
Maggie [[Margaret Skillion|Skillion]], [[Tom Lloyd Jnr|Tom Lloyd]] and [[Gaunson, David|David Gaunson]] stayed at the '''Hibernian''' during Ned Kelly's committal hearing. ([[The Argus (54)|Argus7/8/80]])
'''Royal Commission'''
The [[Royal Commission|Royal Commission]] into the '''KellyGang''' outbreak conducted hearings in Beechworth in [[ev81-00---Royal Commission|1881]].
The Royal Commission said it was a grave error to reduce the size of the Beechworth police station ([[Royal Commission second (page 1)|RC2ndReport]])
== Members of the Beechworth community ==
== What happened at Beechworth after the time of the Kelly Gang ==
== What is happening at Beechworth today ==
The Burke Museum has a number of important '''KellyGang''' relics and records. [http://www.beechworth.com/burkemus/ ] Visit the town of [http://www.beechworth.com ] and the surounding area
[[Category:Places]] [[Category:Places starting with A-B]] [[Category:Beechworth]] [[Category:Gold]] [[Category:bushrangers]]
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